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What is Climate Change and Global Warming? What is the Kyoto Protocol?
WHAT ARE CDM AND JI PROJECTS?
WHAT ARE CER's AND ERU's? |
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The Kyoto Protocol is an amendment to an international treaty on global warming - the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
According to the Kyoto Protocol countries must reduce total Greenhouse gas emissions by 2012, compared to 1990 levels. During the period 2008-2012 industrialised countries (Annex 1 of the Protocol) have to reduce their GHG emissions by on average 5% below their 1990 levels.
The Kyoto Protocol now covers more than 163 countries and over 55% of global Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
Emission describes the release of Greenhouse gases into the atmosphere from sources in an installation. Greenhouse gases encompass Carbon dioxide (CO2), Methane CH4, Nitrous Oxide (N2O), Hydroflurocarbons (HFCs), Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and Sulphur Hexafluoride (SF6). These promote warming of the earth's atmosphere and are released primarily through the combustion of fossil fuels, industrial processes and land use changes.
The Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change was negotiated in Kyoto, Japan in December 1997, opened for signature on March 16, 1998, and closed on March 15, 1999. The Kyoto Protocol entered into force on 16 February 2005.
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